Baker s oven



(No Model.)

R. LAMB.

BAKERS OVEN.

Patented July 20, 1886. F93, ff

a a a a/ UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RICHARD LAMB, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE THOMPSON GAS KILN AND OVEN COMPANY, OF SAME PLAGE.

BAKERS OVEN.

SPBCIFECATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 345,906, dated July 20, 1886.

Application filed September 23, 1835. Serial No. 177.839. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, RICHARD LAMB, of the city and county of New York, in the State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Bakers Ovens, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to bakers ovens which are heated by gas; and the object of the invention is to provide an oven in which the 1o baking-chamber may be heated directly by passing the products of combustion and heated air directly through the chamber, or indirectly by passing such heated products through tubes or fines arranged beneath the floor of the [5 baking-chamber, or by passing the heated products both through and beneath the chamber. Theinvention consists in novel combinations, which are hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanyingr drawings, Figure l is a horizontal section through the baking-chamber of an oven embodying my invention, a

portion of the door of the oven being removed to show clearly the tubes or tlues beneath it;

and Fig. 2 is a vertical section upon the plane of the dotted line x x, Fig. l.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in both figures.

. A designates the baking-chamber, which is A 3@ here shown of rectangular form, and which has at one side or the front an opening closed by a door, A, through which food or articles to be baked may be introduced into and removed fromit. The roof of this baking-chamber may 5 consist of tiles a, supported by tlanged beams' a', and the floor of the chamber may also be composed of tiles. The external structure may consist of layers of briclcwork, and the oven may be completely or partially surrounded by 40 a layer of slag, mineral wool, or other nonconducting material, b.

At one side of .the oven (as here shown at the front thereof) is a burnerchamber, B, which is located beneath the oven, and, as here shown, extends entirely across from side to side thereof.

In the floor of the oven and at the side opposite the burner-chamber B is an opening, b', and above the rear wall of the baking- 5.0 chamber and at the top thereof is a horizontal .slot or opening, b2, which communicates with a drop-tine, b3.

Beneath the oven and at the side on which the burner-chamber B is located I have represented an escape-flue, C, which extends 5 5 transversely across beneath the baking-chamber and communicates with a chimney or smoke-stack, C', which may be controlled by a damper, c.

Beneath the door of the bakingchaxnber 6o are arranged tubes or fines cdi. The tubes or flues c extend directly from the bur-nerchamber B, near the top thereof, rearward to the opening b in the tloor of the oven, and the tubes or fines c2 extend from the drop-ue 65 b3 at the rear of the oven to the escape-flue C, extending across beneath the front thereof.

In the burner-chamber, at opposite sides of the feedingopening A, l have represented double rows of gas-burners d d', the burners in 7o the former row, d, being somewhat higher than those in the latter row, d. These burners are supplied with gas through suitable pipes, c e', from a common supply-pipe, e2, and are constructed on the Bunsen plan, or so as to consume a mixture composed of proper proportions of gas and air. In the brick-work structure of the oven are suitable openings, a2, closed by doors, and which afford provision for access to the burners for lighting them. 8C

Opposite the door Aand in the center of the oven there is only a single row of burners, d', and the communication between the burnerchamber B and the baking-chamber A above this single row of burners is closed or cut off by a tile, f. rlhe burners d of the single row on each side of the center opening, A', are overlapped by a tile or deiieetor, g, which does not, however, extend over the burners d ofthe other row, but leaves over thernan opening7 9o g', through which the hot products of combustion and heated air from the burners d may pass directly into the baking-chamber A. As here shown, the dedector gis hinged or pivoted at g by a rod which extends across the 9 5 oven, and which may be turned by means of a handle, g2, so as to swing the deliector g upward, to permit the hot products from the burners d to pass directly upward into the baking-chamber.

Vhen the detlector g is swung downward into the position shown in full lines, Fig. 2, it will overlap the burners d', and a greater' or less proportion of the hot products from such burners will pass through the tubes or lues c tothe opening b' at the rear of the baking-y pass directly into the baking-chamber, thence' rearward to the outlet-opening b2 and downward through the drop-line b and tubes c2 to the escape-flue C. ln this way I provide for passing a portion of the hot products from the burners directly through the baking-cham` ber and the remaining portion of the hotproducts from the burners directly beneath the baking chamber, so as to more effectively heat it.

` If it be desired to pass thehot products from all the burners directly through the bakingchamber, then the detlectorg should be swung upward and over, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 2, in which position it will not overlap the burnersd, and will permit the hot products from them to pass directly into the baking-chamber.

Instead of all the burners being atmospheric burners, those burners from which the heated products pass directly beneath the floor of the baking-chamber through the tubes c may be constructed to burn ordinary illuminating-gas without any adiniXture of air.

lVhat I `claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, ,is-

1. The combination, with a baking-chamber, of two series of burners for heating the same, the said chamber having an opening whereby the products of combustion from one series of burners may pass directly into and through the baking-chamber, and tubes or flues for the products of combustion from the other series of burners extending beneath the baking-chamber, and whereby the bottom ot' the chamber is additionally heated, substantially as herein described.

2. The combination, with a baking-charnber and burner -chamber opening into the bakingchamber and a transverse escape-Hue, C, below the baking-chamber at the front thereof, of one series of tlues or tubes, c', leading from the burner-chamber rearward beneath the baking-chamber, another series of fines or tubes, ci, communicating with the baking-chamber at the rear, and leading forward beneath the baking-chamber to the escape- Hue C, a row of burners in the burner-chamber, and a detiector which overlaps said burners, whereby products of combustion are directed rearward beneath the baking-chamber through the fines or tubes c, and from the rear ends of which they pass forward. beneath the baking-chamber through the iiues or tubes c2 to the flue C, substantially as herein described.

3. The combination, with a baking-chamber and a burner-chamber below the same at one side thereof, the baking-chamber having an escape-opening at the side opposite the burnerchamber, of burners arranged in the burnerchamber, fines or tubes leading from the burner-chamber beneath the baking-chamber to the other side thereof, and a dedector adjustable to cause it to overlap the burners or to leave a clear passage for the products of combustion from the burners upward into the baking-chamber, substantially as and for the purpose herein described. v v

4. The combination, with a baking-chainber and a burner chamber communicating therewith at one side thereof, the bakingchamber having an escape-opening at the side lopposite the burner-chamber, of fines or tubes extending beneath the baking-chamber, two rows of burners arranged in the burner-chamber, and a detiector overlapping the row of burners which is -nearest to the ends of said flues or tubes presented in the burner-chainbcr, substantially as and for the purpose herein described.

5. The combination, with the baking-chamber A, having at one side the opening b in the bottom thereof, and an opening, b2, from the top thereof into the drop-flue b3, of the burner-chambenB and the escape-flue C at the opposite side of thebaking-chamber, tubes c', leading from the burner-chamber to the opening b into thev baking-chamber, tubes c2, leading from the drop flue b3 to the escapeiiue C, burners arranged in two rows in the burner-chamber, and a deflector overlapping the burners in therow nearest the ends of the tubes c which are presented in the burnerchamber, substantially as and for the purpose herein described.

RICHARD LAMB.

W'itnesses:

C. HALL, FREDK. HAYNns.

IOO

IIO 

